Umuntu wese na buri shyirahamwe bakeneye ibintu byabo nibintu byagaciro birinzwe umuriro naumuriro utagira umuriroyahimbwe kugirango irinde akaga k'umuriro.Ishingiro ryubwubatsi bwumuriro ntirwigeze rihinduka kuva mu mpera za 19thikinyejana.No muri iki gihe, umutekano mwinshi utagira umuriro ugizwe n'umubiri ukikijwe n'inkuta nyinshi kandi umwobo uri hagati wuzuye ibikoresho birwanya umuriro.Nubwo, mbere yo kugera kuri iki gishushanyo, abakora umutekano bageragejwe nuburyo bwinshi butandukanye bwo gukora umutekano wabo utarinda umuriro.
Isanduku ya mbere yari isanduku yimbaho zometseho ibyuma hamwe nimpapuro kugirango bikomere ariko bifite bike cyangwa bitarinda umuriro.Nyuma yaho, ibyuma byicyuma nabyo birinda umutekano nkuwo ariko ntakintu kirwanya umuriro.Ariko, ibiro, amabanki nabakire bakeneye umutekano wabika udupapuro, impapuro nibindi bintu byagaciro birinda umuriro.Ukizirikana, hatangiye gutera imbere kubakora umutekano kumpande zombi za Atlantike.
Bumwe mu buhanga bwa mbere butarinda umuriro bwatanzwe muri Amerika na Jesse Delano mu 1826. Yubaka umutekano ufite umubiri wibiti utwikiriye ibyuma.Igiti cyarimo kuvanga hamwe nuruvange rwibikoresho nkibumba na lime na plumbago na mika cyangwa potash lye na alum.Mu 1833, umwubatsi utekanye CJ Gayler yapanze igituza cya kabiri kitagira umuriro cyari isanduku iri mu gituza kandi icyuho kiri hagati cyuzuyemo ibikoresho bitayobora.Muri icyo gihe kimwe, undi mwubatsi utekanye, John Scott, yemeye gukoresha asibesitosi mu gituza cye kitagira umuriro.
Ipatanti ya mbere y’Abongereza yo gutwika igituza yakozwe na William Marr mu 1934 kandi ikubiyemo gutondekanya urukuta na mika cyangwa talc hanyuma ibikoresho byo kuzimya umuriro nkibumba ryatwitswe cyangwa amakara yifu yapakirwa mu cyuho kiri hagati y’ibice.Chubb yatanze uburyo nk'ubwo mu 1838. Umwubatsi uhatanira, Thomas Milner ashobora kuba yarubatse aumuriro utagira umurironko mu 1827 ariko ntiyigeze yemeza uburyo bwo kwirinda umuriro kugeza mu 1840 aho yuzuzaga imiyoboro mito n'umuti wa alkaline watangwaga mu bikoresho bitayobora.Iyo bishyushye, imiyoboro yaturitse yinjiza ibikoresho bikikije kugirango ibintu bigume neza kandi imbere imbere bikonje.
Iterambere ryatewe muri Amerika igihe mu 1943, Daniel Fitzgerald yatangaga igitekerezo cyo gukoresha plaster ya Paris, yasanze ari ibikoresho bifatika.Iyi patenti yaje guhabwa Enos Wilder kandi ipatanti yari izwi cyane nka patenti ya Wilder.Ibi byashizeho ishingiro ryumutekano muke muri Amerika mumyaka iri imbere.Herring & Co yubatse umutekano ushingiye ku ipatanti ya Wilder yatsindiye igihembo mu imurikagurisha rikomeye ryabereye muri Crystal Palace mu 1951.
Mu myaka ya za 1900, Laboratoire ya Underwriters yo muri Amerika yashyizeho ibizamini byigenga byo gupima umuriro w’umutekano (ibipimo byuyu munsi byaba UL-72).Ishyirwaho ryibipimo byatumye habaho impinduka mu iyubakwa ry’umutekano w’umuriro, cyane cyane mu mirimo y’umubiri, aho amasosiyete yagombaga kongera gukora kugira ngo agere ku ihuriro rikomeye hagati y’umuryango n’umubiri ndetse no gukumira umutekano waguka no gukomera mu bushyuhe bwinshi bitewe n’amazi yatanzwe n’amazi izimya umuriro.Iterambere kuva kwipimisha ryarimo no gukoresha ibyuma byoroheje kugirango wirinde koherezwa hanze bivuye imbere.
Asibesitosi yakoreshwaga mu mashanyarazi adafite umuriro muri Amerika kugeza mu myaka ya za 1950 kandi ubu ibyinshi mu bikoresho bitagira umuriro bikozwe n’uruganda ruzwi biranga ibintu bimwe na bimwe.Hano hari ibigo bitanga umutekano uhendutse ukoresheje uburyo bwa fireboard, nubwo bworoshye kandi buhendutse, ntabwo bumeze nkumuriro urinda umutekano ukoresha umutekano gakondo ukoresha ibikoresho.
Kurinda umutekanoyinjiye muriumuriro utagira umuriroibiboneka hamwe niterambere ryacu bwite ridafite umuriro mumwaka wa 1996, dukoresheje tekinoroji yacu yibikoresho bya tekinoroji.Ibikorwa bibiri byokwirinda bituma kwinjiza no guhagarika ubushyuhe.Uruhare rwacu mu iterambere mu mateka y’umutekano utagira umuriro rurimo no guteza imbere polymer ya mbere ikingira abaminisitiri bashinzwe umutekano mu mwaka wa 2006. Ibikorwa bitarimo amazi byongewe kandi ku murongo w’umutekano kugira ngo birinde kwangirika kw’amazi, haba mu myuzure cyangwa mu kurwanya a umuriro.Turi abahanga bakora umwuga wo kwirinda umuriro kuko aribyo twibandaho.Serivise imwe-iduka itanga inzira yiterambere-iherezo ryiterambere kuva mubishushanyo, kugeza kugerageza, kugeza mubikorwa byose birashobora gukorwa murugo.Dufatanya na bamwe mu mazina akomeye kwisi akoresha ubumenyi-bwenge hamwe nubuhanga bwogukingira kugirango dushobore gutanga uburinzi abantu bakeneye kubintu byabo byagaciro kera, mubihe byubu ndetse nigihe kizaza.
Inkomoko: Guhimba umutekano udafite umuriro "http://www.historyofsafes.com/inventing-the-fireproof-safe-part-1/”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-25-2021